Why Buy-One, Get-One-Free Offers Are More Complicated Than You Remember

Marketers’ race for data is leading to buy-one-get-one deals that make customers work a little bit harder

Nov. 21, 2023 11:38 am ET

Pizza chains Domino’s and California Pizza Kitchen offered second pizzas for free—but only when customers returned at a later date. Illustration: Thomas R. Lechleiter/The Wall Street Journal

Buy-one, get-one-free offers are evolving from one of marketers’ simplest and most alluring tools to…something more complicated. 

BOGOs, as they are called in the industry, once mostly existed to help companies clear out excess inventory, hit sales targets or go head-to-head with competitors at key moments. But marketers’ increasing obsession with data means many of their offers now come with red tape that is designed to either help collect information about their consumers or capitalize on a data-driven insight.

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